The log was empty when I started the incriminated applications. And yes it's the loopback filtering switch making the difference.
Particularly the problems had Audition very long starting (probably waiting for net timeout), DeeMix not showing up but sitting in the background and doing nothing, and opening addon worker inspector in Firefox, which always asks for permission of incoming connection from 127.0.0.1 to 127.0.0.1, but with loopback filtering active not asking and showing empty window.
At first I switched CFW to bypass mode, which worked, then reverted back to safe mode and tried turning off things till the lb filter unlocked the traffic.
I have set some global rules but those mostly for enabling home network devices by MAC whitelist etc., no conflicts encountered with them. As I stated in OP, nothing changed in CFW config for ages, except making perapp rules for newly installed softwares. This unexpected blocking started very recently.